// p4rse, Copyright 2026, Will Hawkins
//
// This file is part of p4rse.
//
// This file is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

import Foundation
import SystemPackage

/// Represent a location in a post-preprocessed piece of P4 source code.
public struct SourceLocation: Equatable, CustomStringConvertible {

  public let range: Range<Int>

  public init(_ start: Int, _ extent: Int) {
    self.range = start..<(start + extent)
  }

  public init(_ range: Range<Int>) {
    self.range = range
  }

  public func contains(_ other: SourceLocation) -> Bool {
    return self.range.contains(other.range)
  }

  public var description: String {
    return "{\(self.range.lowerBound), \(self.self.range.upperBound - self.range.lowerBound)}"
  }
}

/// Represent search paths for P4 code that can be accessed with relative paths.
public struct SourceManager {
  let paths: [FilePath]

  /// Create a `SourceManager`
  ///
  /// Any relative `FilePath`s in `paths` will be absolutized
  /// if a `FileManager` is given.
  ///
  /// parameters:
  /// - paths: The include paths searched for files with relative paths.
  /// - fm: An optional instance of a `FileManager` that will be used to
  /// convert relative paths in `paths` to absolute paths.
  public init(_ paths: [FilePath], _ fm: FileManager? = .none) {

    // If the user gives a file manager, we will convert relative paths
    // to absolute paths. Otherwise, we do not.
    guard let fm else {
      self.paths = paths
      return
    }

    // There is a file manager, so we should try to absolutize any
    // relative paths
    self.paths = paths.map {
      if !$0.isAbsolute {
        return FilePath(fm.currentDirectoryPath + "/" + $0.string).lexicallyNormalized()
      }
      return $0
    }
  }

  /// Return `FilePath` of `file` in search paths.
  ///
  /// Only if `file` is relative will the search paths be searched.
  ///
  /// parameters:
  /// - file: A file to look for in the search paths.
  public func firstExisting(_ file: FilePath) -> FilePath? {
    if file.isAbsolute {
      return file
    }

    let fm = FileManager()
    for path in self.paths {
      let combined = path.pushing(file)
      if fm.fileExists(atPath: combined.string) {
        return combined
      }
    }
    return .none
  }
}

/// Represent preprocessed P4 code
///
/// The preprocessed code has metadata to recover the paths of any
/// code generated by a preprocessor directive.
public struct FileSourceLocation: Equatable, CustomStringConvertible {
  let location: SourceLocation
  let path: FilePath
  let nested: [FileSourceLocation]

  public init(
    _ location: SourceLocation, _ path: FilePath, _ nested: [FileSourceLocation] = Array()
  ) {
    self.location = location
    self.path = path
    self.nested = nested
  }

  public func getLocation() -> SourceLocation {
    return self.location
  }

  public func getPath() -> FilePath {
    return self.path
  }

  public func getNestedLocations() -> [FileSourceLocation] {
    return self.nested
  }

  public var description: String {
    return "\(self.path): \(self.location) (Nested: "
      + self.nested.map({ location in
        return "\(location)"
      }).joined(separator: ",") + ")"
  }
}

/// Represent preprocessed P4 code.
public struct SourceCode {
  let code: String
  let manager: SourceManager
  let locations: FileSourceLocation

  public init(_ contents: String, _ manager: SourceManager, _ locations: FileSourceLocation) {
    self.code = contents
    self.manager = manager
    self.locations = locations
  }

  public func getManager() -> SourceManager {
    return self.manager
  }

  static func do_annotate(
    _ contents: String, _ manager: SourceManager, _ locations: FileSourceLocation,
    _ formatter: Formattable, _ style: Style
  ) -> String {
    var result = ""

    // Keep track of the start of any gap between nested locations.
    var gap_start = contents.startIndex

    // contents are devoid of any preceding source code, but the locations do not know that. So,
    // when we use a range from locations we must adjust appropriately.
    let offset = locations.location.range.lowerBound

    for nested in locations.getNestedLocations() {
      let nested_start = contents.index(
        contents.startIndex, offsetBy: nested.location.range.lowerBound - offset)
      let nested_end = contents.index(
        contents.startIndex, offsetBy: nested.location.range.upperBound - offset)

      // Add in any gap.
      result += contents[gap_start..<nested_start]

      // Handle this range (recursively)
      result += do_annotate(
        "\(contents[nested_start ..< nested_end])", manager, nested, formatter, style)

      // Adjust where the next gap will start.
      gap_start = nested_end
    }

    // Is there anything left?
    let remainder = contents[gap_start...]

    return formatter.formatWithStyle(result + remainder, style)
  }

  public func getSource(
    annotated: Bool = false, formatter: Formattable = FormatterDelimited("<", ">"),
    initialStyle: Style = Style(StyleColor.Red)
  ) -> String {
    if annotated {
      return SourceCode.do_annotate(
        self.code, self.manager, self.locations, formatter, initialStyle)
    }
    return self.code
  }

  public func getLocations() -> FileSourceLocation {
    return self.locations
  }
}

func do_preprocess(
  _ file: URL, _ manager: SourceManager, _ starting: Int = 0
) -> Result<(FileSourceLocation, String)> {
  // First (1) match group has the name of the include file.
  let re = /\#include[\s]*<([^\s>]*)>/

  do {
    var locations: [FileSourceLocation] = Array()
    var contents = try String.init(contentsOf: file, encoding: String.defaultCStringEncoding)
    var changed = true

    while changed {
      changed = false
      for match in contents.matches(of: re) {

        let before = contents[..<match.range.lowerBound]
        let after = contents[match.range.upperBound...]

        // Determine whether there is a file with that name in the include path.
        guard let included_path = manager.firstExisting(FilePath.init("\(match.1)")) else {
          return .Error(
            Error(
              withMessage:
                "Could not open \(match.1) for inclusion"))
        }

        // Try to make a url from the configured file.
        let included_url = URL.init(filePath: included_path.string)

        // By calling ourselves recursively, the include being processed will
        // be _completely_ expanded (including any nested includes).
        switch do_preprocess(included_url, manager, starting + before.count) {
        case .Ok((let location, let expanded)):
          // Recombine what was before and after the include being processed
          // with the expanded text.
          contents = before + expanded + after
          // Remember the location (and those it has nested) that were found in
          // the expanded text.
          locations.append(location)
        case .Error(let e):
          return .Error(e)
        }

        // Only process one at a time.
        changed = true
        break
      }
    }

    return .Ok(
      (
        FileSourceLocation(
          SourceLocation(starting..<(starting + contents.count)), FilePath(file.path()), locations),
        contents
      ))

  } catch (let e) {
    return .Error(Error(withMessage: "\(e)"))
  }
}

/// Preprocess P4 code.
public struct SourceCodePreprocessor {
  let manager: SourceManager

  public init(_ manager: SourceManager) {
    self.manager = manager
  }

  public func preprocess(_ file: FilePath) -> Result<SourceCode> {
    // First, decide whether the given file exists at the path the user gave.
    let fm = FileManager()
    let file_to_open =
      if !fm.fileExists(atPath: file.string) {
        self.manager.firstExisting(file)
      } else {
        file
      }

    guard let file_to_open else {
      return .Error(Error(withMessage: "Could not open \(file) for preprocessing"))
    }

    let url = URL.init(filePath: file_to_open.string)

    switch do_preprocess(url, self.manager) {
    case .Ok((let location, let contents)):
      return .Ok(SourceCode(contents, self.manager, location))
    case .Error(let e): return .Error(e)
    }
  }
}